To study the use of different assessment methods in predicting perioperative outcomes in patients with acute cholecystitis and decompensated cirrhosis / 中华肝胆外科杂志

Objective:To study the use of different assessment methods in predicting perioperative outcomes in patients with acute cholecystitis and decompensated cirrhosis.Methods:A retrospective study was performed on 28 patients with acute cholecystitis and decompensated cirrhosis (MELD ≥ 15) who underwent laparoscopic surgical intervention from January 2016 to August 2020 at the Third People Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. These patients were divided into 2 groups according to the severity of acute cholecystitis grading in the Tokyo Guidelines 2018 (TG18): TG18 grade Ⅰ for the mild cholecystitis group ( n=15) and TG18 grade Ⅱ and grade Ⅲ for the moderate and severe cholecystitis group ( n=13). 16 patients with a MELD score ranging from 5 to 15 and with TG18 grade Ⅰ were used as the control group. The operation-related conditions, surgical injuries and surgical complications were compared among the three groups. Results:Of 44 patients with acute cholecystitis and decompensated cirrhosis included in this study, there were 28 males and 16 females, aged (57.3±5.9) years. Significantly more patients in the moderate and severe cholecystitis group (13/13) suffered from cholecystitis due to stone impaction than the control group (11/16) and the mild cholecystitis group (10/15) ( P<0.05). When compared to the control group, patients in the mild cholecystitis group and the moderate and severe cholecystitis group had significant increases in operative time, intraoperative bleeding, amount of abdominal drainage, abdominal drainage time, delayed feeding time and hospital stay ( P<0.05). These perioperative outcomes were further and significantly increased in the moderate and severe cholecystitis group when compared to the mild cholecystitis group ( P<0.05). The blood bilirubin levels, blood creatinine levels and MELD scores after surgery were significantly better in both the mild cholecystitis group and the moderate and severe cholecystitis group on postoperative day 3 when compared to those before treatment ( P<0.05). The Child score was significantly better in the control group after surgery than that before surgery ( P<0.05). The grade Ⅰ-Ⅱ surgical complication rate was significantly higher in the moderate and severe cholecystitis group (11/13) than the mild cholecystitis group (5/15, χ 2=7.479), and the control group (4/16, χ 2=10.208) ( P<0.05). There were no significant differences in the grade Ⅲ-Ⅴ surgical complication rates among the three groups (all P>0.05). The overall surgical complication rate was significantly higher in the moderate and severe cholecystitis group (12/13) than the mild cholecystitis group (7/15, χ 2=7.385), and the control group (5/16, χ 2=11.023), (all P<0.05). Conclusions:The MELD score when combined with the severity grading for acute cholecystitis of the TG18 was effective to evaluate the perioperative risks of patients with acute cholecystitis and decompensated cirrhosis. Patients with a MELD score ≥ 15 and TG18 Ⅱ or Ⅲ had significantly higher risks after minimally invasive surgery.

Physical development monitoring of primary school students in the Oroqen Inhabited Area from 2013 to 2018 / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To understand physical development of children aged 7 to 12 in the oroqen autonomous banner experimental primary school in the oroqen settlement area from 2013 to 2018, and to provide scientific basis for their physical fitness and health.@*Methods@#According to the standards of "National Student Physical Health Standards (2014 Revised Edition)" and the standards of "Overweight and Obesity Screening for School age Children and Adolescents" issued by the National Health and Family Planning Commission in 2018, the Oroqen Autonomous Banner Experimental Primary School was 7-12 years old. The average value and growth rate of children s height, weight and BMI in the past 6 years.@*Results@#From 2013 to 2018, the height and weight of boys and girls aged 7 to 12 showed an increasing trend, with height growth values of boys were 1.8,1.7,1.9,2.6,5.7,5.9 cm,girls were 2.8,4.5,1.9,1.8,3.6,2.9 cm.And the weight groups values of boys were 2.2,2.5,5.1,6.3,6.4,7.2 kg,girls were 2.4,3.6,3.1,1.3,4.6,3.0 kg. The growth rate of girls aged 7 to 8 was higher than that of boys, and the growth rate of boys aged 9 to 12 was higher than that of girls. With the increase of age, the average BMI of boys and girls aged 7 to 12 showed an upward trend, and the BMI of boys of the same age was always higher than that of girls. Among them, the average BMI of boys aged 7 to 12 in 2018 exceeded the critical value of overweight BMI.@*Conclusion@#The physical shape of children aged 7-12 years increases with age, but the development tends to be overweight and obese, which is related to the natural environment of life, lifestyle, and reduction in physical activity.

Comparison of physical health of De’ang and Han pupils in Dehong Prefecture / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To understand the differences in physical indices, physical functions, and physical fitness among primary school students of De’ang and Han nationalities in the De’ang community, and to provide a reference for the healthy development of the physique of children and adolescents.@*Methods@#The cluster sampling method was used to select the test data of height, weight, vital capacity, 50 meter running, seated forward flexion, and 1 minute skipping rope of 2 493 De’ang and Han pupils in five complete primary schools in Mangshi, Dehong Prefecture. Differences in each indices were compared between groups.@*Results@#For physical indicators: height in boys in 8,9 and 11 year old group, girls in 7 and 8 year old group, were significantly higher in Han nationality,weight among Han boys of 9 years old was higher than Deang nationality; For physical function indicators: vital capacity of girls 11 years old group and 12 years old group, boys 9 years old group, 10 years old group, 12 years old group, children of Han nationality were higher than Deang peers. For physical fitness indicators: in 50 m running, Han boys of 8,9,10 and 12 year old,as well as Han girls of 8 year old were higher than age matched peers of De’ang nationality;For seated forward flexion, Han boys of 11 years old and girls of 9 years old, were lower than Deang; in 1 min skipping, Han boys of 9,10,11 and 12 year old,as well as Han girls of 9 and 10 year old, were lower than the De’ang nationality.@*Conclusion@#Unbalanced development of physical fitness is observed among primary school students of De’hong and Han nationality, with significant differences in physical, functional and fitness indices.

Body shape changes among children living in Jinuo community / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To explore body shape changes among Jinuo boys and girls aged 7-12 years during 2011 to 2016, and to fill in the data gaps of the "National Physique Monitoring" and "Chinese Students’ Physique and Health" database.@*Methods@#Height and weight of children aged 7-12 years living in Jinuo nationality during 2011-2016 were measured. Inter-and intra-individual variation in body mass index (BMI) and BMI growth rate of Jinuo male and female girls were compared.@*Results@#From 2011 to 2016, boys and girls aged 7-12 years living in Jinuo community showed an overall increase trend in height. Some temporal and small declines in specific year were also noticed; the overall weight average showed an increasing trend; BMI increased with the age. The trends in boys and girls are basically the same. Growth rate in BMI showed a positive increasing trend.@*Conclusion@#During 2011-2016, body shape among boys and girls aged 7-12 years living in Jinuo community is generally thin. All the indicators in body shape show an increasing trend with age, which fits within the basic principal of human growth and development.

Discovery of N-arylsulfonyl-3-acylindole benzoyl hydrazone derivatives as anti-HIV-1 agents

The discovery and development of novel inhibitors with activity against variants of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is pivotal for overcoming treatment failure. As our ongoing work on research of anti-HIV-1 inhibitors, 32 N-arylsulfonyl-3-acylindole benzoyl hydrazone derivatives were prepared by introduction of the hydrazone fragments on the N-arylsulfonyl-3-acylindolyl skeleton and preliminarily screened in vitro as HIV-1 inhibitors for the first time. Among of all the reported analogues, eight compounds exhibited significant anti-HIV-1 activity, especially N-(3-nitro)phenylsulfonyl-3-acetylindole benzoyl hydrazone (18) and N-(3-nitro)phenylsulfonyl-3-acetyl-6-methylindole benzoyl hydrazone (23) displayed the most potent anti-HIV-1 activity with EC50 values of 0.26 and 0.31 µg/mL, and TI values of >769.23 and >645.16, respectively. It is noteworthy that introduction of R3 as the methyl group and R2 as the hydrogen group could result in more potent compounds. This suggested that introduction of R3 as the methyl group could be taken into account for further preparation of these kinds of compounds as anti-HIV-1 agents

Synthesis and in vitro anti-HIV-1 evaluation of some N-arylsulfonyl-3-formylindoles

As our ongoing work on research of anti-HIV-1 inhibitors, fifteen N-arylsulfonyl-3-formylindoles (3a-o) were designed and prepared through two step synthetic route. Firstly, 3-formylindoles (2a-c) were synthesized via the Vilsmeier-Haack reaction. Subsequently, treatment of 2a-c with the appropriate arylsulfonyl chlorides led to the corresponding target compounds in excellent yields. All analogues were also preliminary evaluated in vitro for their inhibitory activity against HIV-1 replication. Among of all the reported analogues, three compounds 3c, 3g and 3i displayed significant anti-HIV-1 activity, with EC50 values of 9.57, 11.04 and 5.02 µM, and TI values of 31.89, 13.79 and 81.69, respectively. N-m-nitrophenylsulfonyl-3-formylindole (3c) and N-m-nitrophenylsulfonyl-6-methyl-3-formylindole (3i) especially exhibited the best promising anti-HIV-1 activity. In addition, it demonstrated that insertion of a methyl group at the C-6 position of the indolyl ring and a nitro group at the meta position of the arylsulfonyl ring, as in compound 3i, resulted in both low cytotoxicity (CC50= 410.41 µM) and good antiviral activity

Gene expressions of LOXs and MMPs of the ACL fibroblasts cells co-cultured with synovial cells / 生物医学工程学杂志

The progress of research on the the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) wound healing demonstrates that the synovial tissue in the knee joint plays a very important role in the healing process of injured ACL. Therefore, the molecular response mechanisms of lysyl oxidase (LOX) and matrix metalloproteina (MMP) in normal/injured ACL fibroblast cells could be considered to perform the major analysis function of injured ACL healing mechanism. The mRNA expressions of LOXs and MMPs and the activity expressions of MMP-2 in ACL fibroblasts co-cultured with synovial cells were analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR and zymography. The results showed that co-culture could regulate the mRNA expressions of LOXs and MMPs in the ACL fibroblasts cells. These results suggest that the differential expressions of LOXs and MMP-1, 2, 3 in co-cultured ACL indicate that interaction crosstalk do exist between ACL cells and synovial cells and provide a theoretical basis for subsequent exploration of the mechanisms and treatment of ACL injury and repair.

The associations between idiosyncratic adverse drug reactions and HLA alleles and their underlying mechanism / 药学学报

With the advent of Twenty-First century, more and more genome-wide association studies (GWAS) showed that idiosyncratic adverse drug reactions (ADRs) were closely related with human leukocyte antigen (HLA) alleles, such as the associations of abacavir-HLA-B*5701, allopurinol-HLA-B*5801, and carbamazepine-HLA-B*1502, etc. To explore the mechanisms of these idiosyncratic drug reactions, hapten hypothesis, danger signal hypothesis, pharmacological interaction (P-I) concept and autoimmune mechanism are proposed. In this paper, recent GWAS studies on the HLA-mediated adverse drug reactions and underlying mechanism are reviewed in detail.

The associations between idiosyncratic adverse drug reactions and HLA alleles and their underlying mechanism / 药学学报

With the advent of Twenty-First century, more and more genome-wide association studies (GWAS) showed that idiosyncratic adverse drug reactions (ADRs) were closely related with human leukocyte antigen (HLA) alleles, such as the associations of abacavir-HLA-B*5701, allopurinol-HLA-B*5801, and carbamazepine-HLA-B*1502, etc. To explore the mechanisms of these idiosyncratic drug reactions, hapten hypothesis, danger signal hypothesis, pharmacological interaction (P-I) concept and autoimmune mechanism are proposed. In this paper, recent GWAS studies on the HLA-mediated adverse drug reactions and underlying mechanism are reviewed in detail.

Chemical structural characterization of some components from essential oil of Rosa banksiae for estimation and prediction of their retention time / 中国中药杂志

The molecular electronegativity-distance vector (MEDV) was used to describe the chemical structural characterization of 46 components of essential oils in the flower of Rosa banksiae. Various multiple linear regression (MLR) models were created with variable screening by the stepwise multiple regression technique and statistics. The QSRR models of 10 and 6 variables were built by MLR with the correlation coefficients (R) of molecular modeling being 0.906 and 0.903. Cross-validation of the models, which contain selected vectors were performed by leave-one -out procedure (LOO) and the satisfied results with correlation coefficients (Rcv) of 0.904 and 0.903, respectively. The results showed that the models constructed can provide estimation stability and favorable predictive ability.